Browsing by Author "Bowers, Patrick"

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    Army Officer Corps Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Foundation Gaps Place Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Operations at Risk - Part 3
    (Countering WMD Journal, 2023-06) Lagasse, Bryan; Bowers, Patrick; Kick, Andrew R.; Gettings, Matthew; Chin, Jeffrey; Calangi, Nicholas; McMahon, Robert; Burpo, Fred J.
    This is the third and final article of the series where the authors have outlined potential risks the Army may face in future Joint operations due to the shortage of STEM competencies in the Army Officer Corps. To assess this risk, we utilized the Joint Operational model, Notional Phasing for Predominant Military Activities, from JP 3-0, Joint Operations as the framework. In parts 1 and 2 we described how the current efforts in Phase 0 (Shape) and Phase 1 (Deter) were insufficient to develop the STEM competencies in the Army Officer Corps at large. As the United States Army is not directly engaged in a direct or decisive action conflict, our assumption is that we are currently in Phases 0 and 1. During these phases, the focus is on the ability of military leaders to understand the operational environment and develop competencies in preparation for offensive operations. In this article, we shift to address the potential future conflicts and how the lack of STEM competencies could impact the Army’s ability to win our Nation’s wars. During Phase 2 (Seize the initiative) and Phase 3 (Dominate) the focus for military leaders is on executing offensive operations and the abilities of those leaders to develop an operational plan leading to mission accomplishment. In Phase 4 (Stabilize) and Phase 5 (Enable Civil Authority) the focus shifts to stability operations and the leaders’ abilities to use information to enable local leaders to re-establish authority and control of the operational environment. With the continued introduction of innovative technology, it is critically important that military officers at echelon have foundational STEM competencies in order to effectively integrate the technology into operations.
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    Army Officer Corps Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Foundation Gaps Place Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Operations at Risk – Part 1
    (Countering WMD Journal, 2021-12) Kick, Andrew R.; Hummel, Stephen G.; Gettings, Matthew; Bowers, Patrick; Burpo, Fred J.
    This is the first of three articles from the authors describing the risk to Joint Operations incurred by an Army that is vulnerable to the STEM challenges faced in a great power competition involving CWMD operations. In this article, we describe the problem. In articles two and three of the series, we will elaborate on the problem utilizing the Joint Publication 3-0 as our guide and recommend solutions to address this gap.
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    Army Officer Corps Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Foundation Gaps Place Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Operations at Risk – Part 2
    (Countering WMD Journal, 2022-06) Kick, Andrew R.; Lagasse, Bryan; Hummel, Stephen G.; Gettings, Matthew; Bowers, Patrick; Burpo, Fred J.
    This is the second of three articles from the authors describing the risk to Joint Operations incurred by an Army that is vulnerable to the STEM challenges faced in a great power competition involving CWMD operations. In Part 1, we described the problem: “The Army’s failure to emphasize STEM competence in the Army officer corps outside of Functional Areas creates risk to mission accomplishment in CWMD multi-domain operations. The Army must prioritize STEM education in accessions and throughout PME to prepare commanders for effective science and technology (S&T) informed decision making within mission command in CWMD multi-domain operations”. For Parts 2 and 3, we utilize the Joint Operational Model, Notional Phasing for Predominant Military Activities, from JP 3-0, Joint Operations, to describe the risk of an Army officer corps lacking STEM dominance for CWMD operations during a regional or great power competition involving CWMD operations. In this article, we address the risk of our current efforts as we operate in Phase 0 (Shape) and Phase 1 (Deter) while our final article (Part 3) will examine the transition to decisive action / unified action with Phase 2 (Seize the Initiative) through Phase 5 (Enable Civil Authority).
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    Army Officer Corps Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Foundation Gaps Place Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Operations at Risk – Part 3
    (Countering WMD Journal, 2023) Lagasse, Bryan; Bowers, Patrick; Kick, Andrew R.; Gettings, Matthew; Chin, Jeffrey
    This is the third and final article of the series where the authors have outlined potential risks the Army may face in future Joint operations due to the shortage of STEM competencies in the Army Officer Corps. To assess this risk, we utilized the Joint Operational model, Notional Phasing for Predominant Military Activities, from JP 3-0, Joint Operations as the framework. In parts 1 and 2 we described how the current efforts in Phase 0 (Shape) and Phase 1 (Deter) were insufficient to develop the STEM competencies in the Army Officer Corps at large. As the United States Army is not directly engaged in a direct or decisive action conflict, our assumption is that we are currently in Phases 0 and 1. During these phases, the focus is on the ability of military leaders to understand the operational environment and develop competencies in preparation for offensive operations. In this article, we shift to address the potential future conflicts and how the lack of STEM competencies could impact the Army’s ability to win our Nation’s wars. During Phase 2 (Seize the initiative) and Phase 3 (Dominate) the focus for military leaders is on executing offensive operations and the abilities of those leaders to develop an operational plan leading to mission accomplishment. In Phase 4 (Stabilize) and Phase 5 (Enable Civil Authority) the focus shifts to stability operations and the leaders’ abilities to use information to enable local leaders to re-establish authority and control of the operational environment. With the continued introduction of innovative technology, it is critically important that military officers at echelon have foundational STEM competencies in order to effectively integrate the technology into operations.